1.What is laser marking?
Laser marking uses a laser beam to permanently mark the surface of various materials. The effect of marking is to expose the deep material through the evaporation of the surface material, or to “engrave” traces through the chemical and physical changes of the surface material caused by light energy, or to burn off part of the material through light energy to show the required marking. Eclipse patterns and text.
2.The working principle and advantages of laser marking machine
Laser marking printing is also called laser marking and laser marker. In recent years, it has been used more and more in the printing field, such as packaging printing, bill printing, and anti-counterfeiting label printing. Some have been used in assembly line.
Its basic principles: Laser marking uses a laser beam to permanently mark the surface of various materials. The effect of marking is to expose the deep material through the evaporation of the surface material, or to “engrave” traces through the chemical and physical changes of the surface material caused by light energy, or to burn off part of the material through light energy to show the required marking. Eclipse patterns and text.
Currently, there are two recognized principles:
“Heat processing” has a high energy density laser beam (it is a concentrated energy flow), irradiated on the surface of the material to be processed, the surface of the material absorbs the laser energy, and generates a thermal excitation process in a certain area, so that the surface of the material ( (Or coating) temperature rises, causing phenomena such as metamorphosis, melting, ablation, and evaporation.
“Cold working” (ultraviolet) photons with very high load energy can break the chemical bonds in the material (especially organic materials) or the surrounding medium to cause the material to undergo non-thermal process damage. This kind of cold processing is of special significance in laser marking processing, because it is not thermal ablation, but cold peeling that does not produce the side effects of “thermal damage” and breaks the chemical bond, so it affects the inner layer of the processed surface and a certain area. Does not produce heating or thermal deformation.
2.1The principle of laser marking
The RF Driver controls the switching state of the Q-switch. Under the action of the Q-switch, the continuous laser becomes a pulsed light wave with a peak rate of 110KW. After the pulsed light passing through the optical aperture reaches the threshold, the output of the resonant cavity reaches the expansion. Beam mirror, the beam is amplified by the beam expander and then transmitted to the scanning mirror. The X-axis and Y-axis scanning mirrors are driven by the servo motor to rotate (swing left and right) for optical scanning. Finally, the power of the laser is further amplified by the plane focusing field. Focus on the working plane for marking, where the whole process is controlled by the computer according to the program.
2.2Features of laser marking
Because of its special working principle, the laser marking machine has many advantages compared with traditional marking methods (pad printing, coding, electro-erosion, etc.).
1) Non-contact processing
It can be printed on any regular and irregular surface. During the marking process, the laser marking machine will not touch the marked object and will not generate internal stress after marking;
2) Wide application range of materials
ü Can be marked on materials of different types or hardness, such as metal, plastic, ceramics, glass, paper, leather, etc.;
ü Can be integrated with other equipment on the production line to improve the automation and efficiency of the production line;
ü The mark is clear, durable, beautiful, and effective anti-counterfeiting;
ü It does not pollute the environment and is environmentally friendly;
ü The marking speed is fast and the marking is formed at one time, with long service life, low energy consumption and low operating cost；
ü Although the equipment investment of laser marking machine is larger than that of traditional marking equipment, in terms of operating cost, it can save a lot of costs on consumables, such as inkjet machines, which need to consume ink.
For example: marking the bearing surface-if the bearing is typed in three equal parts, a total of 18 No. 4 characters, using a galvanometer marking machine, and the service life of the krypton lamp tube is 700 hours, then each bearing’s The comprehensive cost of marking is 0.00915 RMB. The cost of electro-erosion lettering is about 0.015 RMB/piece. Based on the annual output of 4 million sets of bearings, only marking one item can reduce the cost by at least 65,000 RMB a year.
3) High processing efficiency
The laser beam under computer control can move at a high speed (up to 5-7 seconds), and the marking process can be completed in a few seconds. The printing of a standard computer keyboard can be completed in 12 seconds. The laser marking system is equipped with a computer control system, which can flexibly cooperate with the high-speed assembly line.
4) High processing accuracy
The laser can act on the surface of the material with a very thin beam, and the smallest line width can reach 0.05mm.
3.Types of laser marking machine
1) According to different light sources: Fiber laser marking machine, Co2 laser marking machine, UV laser marking machine;
2) According to laser wavelength: fiber laser marking machine (1064nm), Co2 laser marking machine (10.6um/9.3um), UV laser marking machine (355nm);
3) According to different models: portable, enclosed, cabinet, flying;
4) According to special functions: 3D marking, auto focus, CCD visual positioning.
4.Different light source are suitable for different materials
Fiber laser marking machine: Suitable for metals, such as stainless steel, brass, aluminum, gold and silver, etc.; suitable for some non-metals, such as ABS, PVC, PE, PC, etc.;
Co2 laser marking machine: Suitable for non-metal marking, such as wood, leather, rubber, plastic, paper, ceramics, etc.;
Suitable for metal and non-metal marking.
UV laser marking machine: Suitable for metal and non-metal. General metal marking optical fiber is basically sufficient, unless it is very delicate, such as marking the internal parts of mobile phones.
5.Different light source uses different laser source
Fiber laser marking machine is used: JPT; Raycus.
Co2 laser marking machine is used: It has Glass tube and RF tube.
1. The Glass tube is provided by a laser glass tube with consumables. Commonly used glass tube brands that need to be maintained include Tottenham Reci;
2. The RF tube is provided by a laser with no consumables. There are two commonly used lasers: Davi and Synrad;
UV laser marking machine is used: At present, the most commonly used is JPT, and the better one is Huaray, etc.
6.The service life of marking machines with different light sources
Fiber laser marking machine: 10,0000 hours.
Co2 laser marking machine:The theoretical life of the Glass tube is 800 hours; the RF tube theory is 45,000 hours;
UV laser marking machine: 20,000 hours.
Post time: Jul-01-2021
